- ANSI X12
- The ANSI X12 standards developed for EDI.
- Application
- Computer data processing software such as Accounts Payable.
- AS2 (Applicability Statement 2)
- A specification for Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) between businesses using the Internet's Web page protocol and the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) AS2 was created by EDI over the Internet (EDIINT), a working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) that develops secure and reliable business communications standards.
- ASC
- Application Service Provider; EDI providers that offer monthly EDI services that are available via the web.
- B2B
- Business to business; when one business communicates with or sells to another business
- Compliance Checking
- A checking process that is used to ensure that a transmission complies with ANSI X12 syntax rules.
- Conditional (C)
- This is a data requirement designator that indicates that the presence of a specified data element is dependent on the value or presence of other data elements in the segment. The condition must be stated and must be able to be processed by a computer
- Control Segment
- This is a data requirement designator that indicates that the presence of a specified data element is dependent on the value or presence of other data elements in the segment. The condition must be stated and must be able to be processed by a computer
- Data Element
- Smallest named item in the EDI standard (qualifier, data value or textual comment) with two primary attributes, length and type. It is similar to a field in a database record (also see Element.). This is the basic unit of information in the EDI standards containing a set of values that represent a singular fact. It may be single-character codes, literal descriptions, or numeric values.
- Data Element Delimiter
- The single character delimiter follows the segment identifier and each data element in a segment except the last.
- Data Element Length
- This is the range, minimum to maximum, of the number of character positions available to represent the value of a data element. A data element may be of variable length and range from minimum to maximum, or it may be of fixed length in which the minimum is equal to the maximum.
- Data Element Reference Number
- Unique identifier assigned to each data element.
- Data Element Requirement Designator
- This is a code defining the need for a data element value to appear in the segment if the segment is transmitted. The X12 codes are mandatory (M), optional (O), or conditional (C). The government may consider a segment “mandatory” even through it is “optional” by X12 standards.
- Data Element Separator
- This is a unique character preceding each data element that is used to delimit data elements within a segment. Government uses “*” as the delimiter.
- Data Element Type
- A data element may be one of six types: numeric, decimal, identifier, string, date, or time.
- Delimiter
- A special character used to separate fields of data. The three different delimiters that are used in an EDI file are the segment delimiter, the element delimiter, and the sub-element delimiter.
- DISA
- Data Interchange Standards Association. A non-profit organization funded by X12 which serves as the secretariat for X12.
- Document
- Structured file that is sent to a trading partner. With ASC X12 usage, a document is a transaction set.
- DUNS Number
- A nine-digit number assigned and maintained by Dun and Bradstreet to identify unique business establishments. DUNS numbers are assigned worldwide and include US, Canadian, and international organizations.
- EAN
- European Article Numbering (EAN) is the European equivalent of a UPS number
- EDI
- Electronic Data Interchange (EDI); computer-to-computer electronic exchange of business documents in a standard format.
- EDIFACT
- EDI for Administration, Commerce and Trade.
- Electronic Envelope
- An electronic envelope consists of codes that mark the boundaries of electronic documents. The electronic envelope contains EDI documents, sender and receiver information.
- Element
- A building block in an EDI document. Elements are grouped together to produce segments, which in turn are grouped together to form an EDI document. (Also see Data Element.)
- Flat File (Raw Data)
- Sometimes referred to as interface file, is designed to hold EDI data prior to and following translation or transmission to and from a trading partner.
- Functional Acknowledgment
- An ASC X12 transaction set (997), which acts as a certified mail receipt to confirm that the intended recipient actually received the EDI documents that have been sent. Provides transaction syntax level error reporting.
- Functional Group
- Collection of related transaction sets. Beginning (GS) and ending (GE) segments are used to envelop a complete functional group together.
- Functional Group Segments (GS/GE)
- These segments identify a specific functional group of documents such as purchase orders.
- Gateway
- A connection between two networks which allows messages to be routed from one to the other. A communications interface between one system and another.
- Integration
- The process of making one application compatible with another application, often across multiple file formats
- Interchange
- Collection of functional groups sent from one trading partner to another.
- Interchange Control Structure
- The interchange header and trailer segments that envelop one or more functional groups or interchange-related control segments and perform the following functions: (1) define the data element separators and the data segment terminators, (2) identify the sender and receiver, (3) provide control information for the interchange, and (4) allow for authorization and security information (X12.5).
- Internet EDI
- EDI communication between trading partners facilitated over the internet using the AS2 standards.
- ISA
- Interchange control header identifier
- ISO
- International Standards Organization responsible for defining international standards.
- Loop
- A group of semantically related segments; these segments may be either bounded or unbounded (X12.6). The N1 loop is an example of a loop, which includes Segments N1 to PER for name and address information.
- Mailbox
- An electronic data storage location within a network service which is set aside for a specific user to hold messages.
- Mandatory (M)
- A data element/segment requirement designator which indicates the presence of a specified date element is required.
- Mapping
- A process of identifying the relationship of standard EDI data elements to application data elements. A map is the link between a trading partner’s proprietary data format and the related EDI transaction set.
- Max Use
- The maximum number of times that a segment can be used at the location in a transaction set.
- Message
- The entire data stream including the outer envelope
- Optional (O)
- An EDI data element/segment requirement designator that indicates the presence of a specified data element/segment is at the option of the sending party and can be used on the mutual agreement of the interchange parties.
- Qualifier
- Data element used to identify the type of information that gives a segment or element meaning.
- Repeating Segment
- A segment that may be used more than once at a given location in a transaction set.
- RFID (radio frequency identification)
- A technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal, or person. RFID is coming into increasing use in industry as an alternative to the bar code. The advantage of RFID is that it does not require direct contact or line-of-sight scanning. An RFID system consists of three components: an antenna and transceiver (often combined into one reader) and a transponder (the tag).
- Segment
- A group of elements which, when appropriately assembled, comprise an EDI document.
- Segment Directory
- This provides a purpose and format for the segments used in the construction of transaction sets. The directory lists each segment by name, purpose, identifier, the contained data elements in the specified order, and the requirement designator for each data element.
- Segment Identifier
- A unique identifier for a segment, consisting of a combination of two or three upper-case letters and digits. The segment identifier occupies the first-character positions of the segment. It is not a data element.
- Segment Terminator
- A unique character appearing at the end of a segment to indicate the termination of the segment, e.g. 0x0A
- Sender/Receiver ID
- A unique number or series of characters which identifies a trading partner on all EDI networks.
- Syntax
- The grammar or rules which defines the structure of the EDI standards (i.e. the use of loops, qualifier, etc.). Syntax rules are published in ANSI X12.6.
- TDED
- U.N. Trade Data Element Dictionary.
- Trading Partner
- Term used by customers, suppliers, and vendors to indicate they are in an EDI relationship
- Transaction Set
- A document that unambiguously defines, in the standard syntax, information of business or strategic significance and consists of a header segment, one or more data segments in a specified order, and a trailer segment.
- Transaction Set ID
- An identifier that uniquely identifies the transaction set. This identifier is the first data element of the transaction set header segment.
- Translation
- The act of accepting documents in other than X12 standard format and translating them to the X12 standard format.
- UCC
- The Uniform Code Council.
- UCC 128 label
- Code 128 is a barcode standard that is used for several applications and is also referred to as ISBT 128, UCC-128, EAN-128 and USS Code 128. It is a very high-density symbology that can encode text, numbers, several functions and the entire 128 character ASCII character set. Placed on shipments; refers to the information contained in the ASN
- UPC
- Universal Product Code (UPC) is a unique product identification number that is used by items that will be scanned at Point-Of-Sale.
- VAN
- Value Added Network. A third party service that acts as an electronic postal system for EDI transactions. VANs are equipped to accept a variety of telecommunications protocols, thus enabling connectivity between organizations with different telecommunications protocols.
- Vendor
- Any company that provides supplies to a retailer/distributor
- VICS
- Voluntary Inter-industry Commerce Standard (VICS) is used by the general merchandise retail industry. VICS EDI is a subset of the ASC X12 national standard. For more information consult the web site.
- X.25
- International standard for packet switching.
- X.400
- International standard for the exchange of electronic mail messages between diverse mail systems.
- X.435
- International standard for security, auditability and functionality for EDI transactions, including the ability to integrate EDI and Electronic Mail.
- X.500
- International standard for Messaging and Directory Services Telecommunications.
- X12
- The ANSI committee responsible for the development and maintenance of standards for EDI.
- XML (Extensible Markup Language)
- A flexible way to create common information formats and share both the format and the data on the World Wide Web, intranets, and elsewhere. For example, computer makers might agree on a standard or common way to describe the information about a computer product (processor speed, memory size, and so forth) and then describe the product information format with XML. Such a standard way of describing data would enable a user to send an intelligent agent (a program) to each computer maker's Web site, gather data, and then make a valid comparison. XML can be used by any individual or group of individuals or companies that wants to share information in a consistent way.
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